(1) Also, some temperance advocates blamed women's lack of domesticity for their men's drinking.(2) the temperance movement(3) The nineteenth century temperance approach, which had inveighed against the dangers of alcohol itself, was now rejected as moralistic and unscientific and the focus of attention was, once again, on the disease of alcoholism.(4) The essential key to nourishing our vitality is moderation and temperance .(5) The rhetoric combined the moral style of bourgeois temperance advocacy with an emphasis on alcohol's impact on the man and the family.(6) Later, however, changing tastes and pressure from temperance advocates dictated that absinthe be diluted with water, preferably sweetened.(7) By the end of the nineteenth century, as temperance gripped Wales, every distillery but one had closed down.(8) In the 1830s, a third movement, the teetotal movement, emerged and radicalized temperance reform in two ways.(9) Under the banner of temperance and local prohibition of the sale of intoxicating beverages, Norwegian politicians gained the support of their compatriots and were elected to public office.(10) The movement often took the form of a religious revival and was referred to as a crusade: one teetotal group was even included with the churches by the religious census of 1851, along with temperance Wesleyans and temperance Christians.(11) The temperance advocates got strong support from the Methodist, Presbyterian, Baptist and Anglican churches.(12) Abolitionists, free-Boilers, temperance advocates, and nativists were organized interests of that era.(13) Women's temperance rhetoric and activity bolstered brotherhood temperance efforts and to an extent influenced union policy.(14) In this last aspect, however, habitual temperance will generally be found to be much more beneficial than occasional fasting.(15) Dietary temperance , or moderation, was a way to health, but it was also a virtue, just as gluttony was a vice.(16) Michael's Order was not a religious one, but although they were not sworn to either poverty or celibacy, its members embraced moderation and temperance in all things.
